Thomas Hardy’s View on Time

In solid's sonnets time isn't consistent or restricted by a forward heading of time passing nor the vertical perspective on schedule. time is a scene or area whereupon we see the distinctive vantage focuses and parts of it, and thus he has given areas the qualities of time. The excursion through areas is steady and forward moving yet as in time you can get to recollections yet returning to them in your psyche, or in tough's sense, by returning to the area. ou are not secured time as you are as a general rule, tough rewinds time as he picks and sees what he saw at any period in his life yet just when at the area. This comes through in â€Å"after a journey† when solid returns to a cavern and the reverberation from his past visit their still stayed, as though no time had passed, â€Å"and the cavern only under, with a voice still so empty that it appears to shout to me from forty years ago† Hardy's psyche is dynamic to the point that by returning to a spot, any recollecti ons from that point stir and involve the scene.In the main refrain of ‘where the excursion was' we are in tough's memory at the beginning periods of assumedly Emma and solid's marriage, when the ‘fire' was as yet youthful and solid in their relationship. Strong is portraying a spot they went in the mid year. towards the finish of the verse we are demonstrated that there has been a change and time is permitted to show what is before him then juxtaposition is presented and we are quickly in this new, dull and abandoned scene yet the area has not changed.The time hop shows where solid truly is a major part of his life venture. Advising him that can in spite of the fact that he can see all these diverse vantage purposes of a scene there is consistently on obvious result the current enabling time a character and to mock. This identifies with â€Å"after a journey† where  Time is represented â€Å"despite Time's derision† time is given a character that in a man ner as though to insult Hardy for needing such a great amount to get to old layers of time . Accentuating that time has a definitive force and control and can not be totally challenged

Biological Factors and Feeding Behaviors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organic Factors and Feeding Behaviors - Essay Example They fill in as the two inspirations and coercive powers that influence judgment, dynamic and the arrangement of activities they trigger. A particular model, which this paper will examine, is the taking care of conduct. For this reason, a clarification of conduct will be given and a framework of a few confirmations that will bolster the case that organic elements control taking care of practices. Life structures of Behavior In request to more readily diagram the relationship of organic elements to taking care of conduct, it is critical to comprehend what conduct is. Cohn and MacPhail (1996) focused on that so as to do this; one must have the option to address four inquiries including: 1. Causation, which alludes the inner and outside improvements, procedures, and possibilities that go before the conduct of intrigue; 2. Ontogeny, which is the advancement of conduct over the lifetime of an individual and intervened by the perplexing connection among hereditary and natural components; 3 . Advancement or the progressions in conduct forms across ages; and, 4. Capacity, which is about inquiries of adjustment. (p. 299) Now, the initial two inquiries are viewed as proximate and extreme inquiries that are attached to the natural elements' job in conduct. These two are practically all inclusive in light of the fact that they are consistent with practically all creatures. The event and kinds of conduct, composed Cohn and MacPhail, are for the most part species explicit yet that there are shared characteristics in the zones of fundamental exercises, for example, endurance and taking care of conduct. (p. 299) An exploration by Legendre et al. (1994) uncovered that the developmental quality of conduct and the human mind could be delineated or anticipated through a model that includes diet or eating designs alongside factors, for example, friendliness and motion. (p. 1487) Behavior, consequently, is described by various and differing causes and various which are organic compon ents. Taking care of is especially significant around there in light of the fact that it is fundamentally organically determined. Essential to this point is the pretended by the nerve center, the cerebrum organ liable for natural inspiration. On the off chance that an individual endures a physical issue and, at that point started to eat unquenchably, at that point his nerve center may be influenced, especially the ventromedial segment, which works as the satiety community. (Hakala, 2009, p. 85) If it were harmed, the mind would be unfit to tell the individual that he is full in light of the fact that no sign is being transmitted and, in this way, he will keep on eating. On the off chance that a physical issue influences the sidelong nerve center, it will bring about a sharp downturn in the individual’s inspiration to eat and he won't feel the spurred to eat or propelled to eat. (Hakala, p. 85) This point is clarified further in the accompanying segment. Taking care of Behavio rs Feeding is an activity that includes a variety of factors. To begin with, there is the idea of need as food is important for endurance. The principal truth is that it is required by a living body to capacity and keep living. Most exercises need vitality and wellbeing that must be increased through food admission. (Snooks, 2009, p. 122) Hunger is a basic model about how the body can order a person to make a move, all the more explicitly to eat. As the vitality is exhausted and spent by day by day exercises, the need to eat rises. This procedure works inside the supposed natural control frameworks. As per Bloom these work by permitting a slow difference in state to happen until a basic level is reached, the point wherein a social or mental remedy system is started. (p. 21) So when somebody spent all his vitality, at that point taking care of or the need to eat gets obvious. An investigation attempted by Elliot and Treat in 1935 is perhaps the soonest study to exhibit this. In their discoveries, the

Do you remember your 2014 New Years resolutions

Do you remember your 2014 New Year’s resolutions I honestly had forgotten all but two of mine, and only looked at them today because I knew it was time to write my New Year’s “Ressaylutions” update. In January I promised to report both my wins and my fails for the year in August. Oops. It’s September. That’s my first fail. I completely forgot about my promise to do an August update! I’m a couple of weeks late, but I’m keeping honest â€" even though I feel a bit scared to do so since I am not on track to meet some of my goals. My invitation to you is to do an honest assessment of where you are in achieving your New Year’s goals. The first step is to remember what they were! Then evaluate your progress. 2014 “Ressaylutions” and Current Status: Increase college essay / personal statement portion of my business to 25% of business. I took action on this goal but have not reached the goal (so far this year I’m at 5%; projected 10% by end of year). Actions taken: Gave interviews for an article in the Catholic Herald and another one in The Educated Mom blog. Advertised a summer program for rising high school seniors to work on college essays, but received no inquiries. Will be speaking at the NRWA Conference this week about how to write a standout college essay. I’m letting more resume writers know about my services so they know they can refer clients to me if they do not do personal statement coaching themselves. Roll out a new “responsive” (mobile-friendly) website. This project has been delayed numerous times despite starting work on a new website in December 2013. I just transitioned to a new company and I’m hoping to have a new website by the end of the year! Choose a CRM and project management system. I decided to implement Infusionsoft and I am working with an Infusionsoft expert to do it. We are plugging away and the plan is to launch the new website and the Infusionsoft functionality all at the same time. I look forward to having things run seamlessly by Q1 2015! Serve 250 clients. Last year The Essay Expert worked with 200 clients to find new jobs, get into school, and achieve business results. Total clients this year is 119. I am not on track to reach my goal. I will be looking at my lead generations strategies and expect that my new website and Infusionsoft implementation will support The Essay Expert’s expansion to a wider client base. Generate 214 success stories. I have not met this goal (we’re at 45) and will need to step up my follow-up efforts with clients to increase this number! As you can see, I am likely not going to fulfill all my Ressaylutions for 2014. However I can still use them to motivate myself to action â€" and I will! When I make my 2015 resolutions, I will be taking a hard look at both my successes and failures from 2014, as well as my priorities for the coming year. I hope you will too. What were your New Year’s Resolutions and have you held yourself accountable? Please share!

Error in Judgement in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller

Willy Loman was a tragic hero his error of judgment and flaw of error lead him to purse the idea that reputation is more relevant in life than knowledge and education to survive in the business world. His inability to cope with the real world but, his heroism of always thinking of his family and his family. His inabilities of recognition and being well liked by many destroy his life. Willy’s hamartia leads to his death, which it is a major characteristic of being a tragic hero. He is unable to face reality and realize that he is not successful in life or at his job; he remains living in a world where he thinks he is greater because he is a sales man. He wants recognition, in the play when he is conversing with Howard and talks about his admiration toward Dave Singleman , he states â€Å"I realize that selling was the greatest career a man could want.†. He thought being a salesman was the greatest job in the world because Dave Singleman at the age of eighty-four had died and hundreds of salesman and buyers attended his funeral, and willy wanted that, he wanted the recognition and being well liked so many people would come to his funeral. Willy also puts importance in appearances. He talks down to Bernard because he is anemic, calling him â€Å"what an anemic†, and stereotyping him because he wears glasses and he is a well put student in school. Willy makes this statement about appearances, â€Å"That’s just what I mean, Bernard can get the best marks in school, y’understand, but when heShow MoreRelatedWilly Loman Tragic Hero Analysis956 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman, a play written by Arthur Miller, is revolved around the concept of tragedy and a tragic hero. Aristotle defines tragedy as â€Å"the consequence of a man’s total compulsion to evaluate himself justly†. A tragic hero is defined as â€Å"a literary character who makes a judgement error that inevitably leads to his/her own destruction†. These two concepts apply to the play in the sense that Willy Loman is a man of good intentions, but there is often an undesirable outcome of them. Also, WillyRead MoreCharacteristics Of Willy Loman A Tragic Hero834 Words   |  4 PagesHero? Death Of a Salesman is a 1949 play written by american playwright Arthur Miller. It is a breathtaking play about Willy Loman, a salesman, trying to chase a dream that died long ago. It expresses how the old man’s life comes crumbling down with his last few attempts to make some of his dream reality and help his family in debt. Now people are debating weather Willy loman fits the right characteristics to be classified as a tragic hero. A tragic hero is someone who makes a judgment error thatRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Willy Loman In Death Of A Salesman838 Words   |  4 PagesWilly Loman from â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller is a tragic hero. A tragic hero is someone who has a judgement error and inevitably ends up destroying himself. Miller believes that the common man makes the best tragic hero as we want to be seen as a image and or not be thrown away. That fear, which he believes is very strong today, is what makes us the best tragic hero. I would tak e the stance that Willy Loman is a tragic hero. Willy starts to show signs of flaw of judgement, reversal of fortuneRead More Identity Crisis in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pages Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman is the story of a man much like Millers father, a salesman, whose misguided notions of success result in disillusionment (Draper 2360). The suppression of the main character, Willy Lomans, true nature is a result of his pursuit of a completely misguided dream. The fraudulent and miserable existence this generates is accentuated by the father-son relationship he shares with his son Biff. Willy Loman has surrendered the life of himself and his sonsRead MoreDeath of a Salesman-Is Willy a Modern Tragic Hero?2271 Words   |  10 Pagesconsidered great, and where does he seem a low man. Do you agree that he is truly a modern tragic figure? Death of a Salesman is a play that has come to redefine the concept of modern tragedy. A challenge to Philip Sydneys judgement that tragedy concerneth the high fellow Death of a Salesman is the tragedy of the common man of the low-man. Many critics charge that Death of a Salesman falls short of tragedy and is therefore disqualified as a great play. Tragedy is developed as a form of dramaRead MoreTragedy Will Never Be The Same3193 Words   |  13 Pageswomen to the cast comes the addition of more vocal participation. Female characters in the play no longer have to rely on just expression to give off the mood that is supposed to be felt. Lastly, time can be manipulated in modern tragedies. In Death of a Salesman (which we will talk about later) the tragic hero constantly has flashbacks, which would be unavailable in Ancient Tragedies. This is usually done by the lights going black and any sound being cut showing a transition is taking place. Plot inRead MoreSignificance Of The Miller s The Crucible 2130 Words   |  9 Pagespeople being persecuted. Writing in the early 1950’s, Miller manages with expertise to demonstrate the similarities between the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 and the victimization of communists at the time he was writing. The injustices and frenzy that he highlights in the play are a magnificent example of the turbulent times that he was living and working in, and the effects it had not only on individuals, but American society as a whole. Arthur Miller was born in Harlem, New York City on October 17, 1915Read MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesthe latter. Since few companies are aware of costs and profits by segment in relation to sales levels, and since even fewer are able to predict changes in sales volume and profit contribution as a result of changes in marketing effort, the following errors arise: 1 Marketing budgets for individual products are too large, with the result that diminishing returns become evident and benefits would accrue from a reduction in expenditure 2 Marketing budgets for individual products are too small and increasing

The Woman Behind Every Man - 1194 Words

Matthew Lee Mrs. Wong ENG 3UAA-a 16 July 2015 The Woman Behind Every Man Can it be argued that men play a bigger role than women in life? Through the centuries, women are seen as less valuable than their sexual counterparts, but time and time again, females have proven themselves as being just as intellectually capable as men. This concept is present in William Shakespeare s play, Macbeth, which is a tragic play demonstrating the effects of absolute power and corruption. The characters, especially the women, are heavily influential and greatly impactful in the growth of others. Lady Macbeth’s actions greatly shape and develop the personality and motivations of Macbeth, leading to his ultimate demise. Although Duncan dies at the hand of Macbeth, Lady Macbeth plays a key role in manipulating him to complete the murder. Following the news that her husband will soon become king, Lady Macbeth realizes she does not want to wait. She wants to be queen as soon as possible and for Macbeth to be successful, but sh e is aware that Macbeth is not capable of killing King Duncan. Thus, Lady Macbeth takes it upon herself to convince her husband that killing the king is just, which is present in her soliloquy as she says, Hi thee hither, That I may pour my spirits in thine ear, And Chastise with the valour of my tongue All that impedes thee from the golden round, (1.4.24-27) Macbeth has the ambition for power. Nevertheless, he does not have the capability to commit such aShow MoreRelatedLook Good For All You Do1301 Words   |  6 Pageswomen flawless for every situation and every moment. â€Å"Look good in all you do† is the short text, that makes this advertisement more clear for someone to understand. This publicity has a nondescript photo, that questions the viewer about the connection between the saloon and the picture. The gender role in this ad is shown unequal, where men has the power and women are just men’s objects. It is more indispensable to â€Å"look good in all you do†, than the look of an injured woman, that’s why, the creatorRead MoreMiriam Meyerhoff Doing And Silence Summary731 Words   |  3 Pageshow silence leaves behind words women could have said. After that, Mererhoff tries to explain how sociolinguist is a way to be extralinguistic. Mererhoff then relates female silence to gender issues and how they live different lives compared to males. All in all, Mererhoff is mentioned that there is a lot of communication going on, even when women are silent, and also what their movement’s means. Reason of a Silence: There could be many reasons behind the silence of a woman. Women could be silentRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women917 Words   |  4 PagesThere was a saying that â€Å"Behind every great man there is an even greater woman,† but that was not always the case for some of the literatures we have been reading. In some of the literatures, when a woman stood behind a man she was often viewed as substandard to the man in front. Women were not portrayed as a great shero, but rather as an object. They were expected to be obedient and faithful to their husband even if the husband was not. If any women were to raise an objection toward the men, thenRead MoreNew York City Essay846 Words   |  4 PagesSetting Gray, charcoal clouds, hung in the musty air. Noisy honking and shouting came from every direction. Constantly police and ambulance sirens charged through the streets, interrupting the cars ear-splitting conversation. People trudged through the streets below, panic eternally in the air. Buildings stood tall above everything, observing endlessly. A shade of continuous grey fell across everything. The towering skyscrapers, the fussy cars, the dirty streets, and the people; their faces drownedRead MoreAnalysis of Elizabeth Keckleys Behind the Scenes1323 Words   |  6 PagesLindner 1 Brian Lindner Research Writing 109:2 Mrs. Linda Clary 6 October 2010 Analysis of Elizabeth Keckley’s Behind the Scenes The American Presidents have a distinct aura that surrounds them and covers their true identity with a faulty exterior, only portraying stoic, standup men. Elizabeth Keckley in her memoir Behind the Scenes gives us an inside look at President Lincoln and his wife Mary Todd Lincoln, as well as a look into her own life. Elizabeth Keckley was a black slave who boughtRead MoreA Man Who Told Me Everything I Ever Did Essay903 Words   |  4 Pages29 â€Å"Come; see a man who told me everything I ever did. Could this be the Messiah? John 4:29 (NIV) Good morning brother and sister, I pray all is well with each of you... as we continue this series on the woman at the well... we’re almost come to a end to this series... and we discuss this morning, the woman running toward town to tell those about a man she met name Jesus... oh brother and sister when you know Jesus did you go run and tell... when you first found out about a man name Jesus... didRead MoreHow Art Is Art As An Individual s Recreation Of Nature1429 Words   |  6 Pagesdepicts a reversal of racial roles. This is my hypothesis developed from every detail of the painting. The development of my hypothesis begins with capturing the details of the room. To put together the pieces, imagine a room full of natural coloring; shades of brown, a little white now add some black. In the midst of natural coloring stands a white female figure wearing a reddish orange dress. As she walks towards a black woman sitting on what appears to be a sofa covered by a white sheet, she holdsRead MoreShort Story: Goku Is Gone943 Words   |  4 Pagesmy core. With every passing moment we proceed closer to death. Fear of death turned into a fire in my bosom that compelled me to start a journey for truth and meaning. And by facing death, by facing the void, I found life. Woman 1: Truth is God. Fat Man: Define God. Thousands of people have thousands of different definitions for their God. Even atheists must have their own version of God to disbelieve. So specify your definition of the term ‘God’. Woman 1: God is Goodness. Woman 2: God is loveRead MoreThe Infinite Desert: A Fictional Narrative1265 Words   |  5 Pagesslopping hill on the edge of the sleeping town. The single light in the house still shown through red-veined windows, casting shadows on the chair where the woman sat, but she was not in it. Every night the woman leaves in the unbroken night. No one sees her leave. She silently dissolves into the night. The woman travels to the same place every night. She is always unaware of the journey she had taken to come to this place, to stand with weary, weathered feet on this distant earth that was notRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper Communication Essay1217 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication within â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a woman who writes about personal experience, and in her short â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† we learn exactly who our author is based off of the language and communication she shows us throughout the short. The Yellow Wallpaper is very captivating short, mainly because the language and communication between characters drives you crazy. The man, the dominant character in the story, has so much to say about his wife’s mental condition

How Does Barack Obama Engage His Audience Free Essays

Barack Obama engages his audience through means of promoting inclusivity, an informal friendly stance and a family appeal. The non-verbal communication and rhetorical devices Obama uses adds up to a very engaging speech. I will be comparing Obama’s race speech in Philadelphia with the David Letterman interview. We will write a custom essay sample on How Does Barack Obama Engage His Audience or any similar topic only for you Order Now The structure of Obama’s Speech is very important. The words are made to flow from beginning to end, without break. The speech starts by Obama placing himself in history with the 1787 US Constitution – this factual evidence establishes Obama’s authenticity. The main body of the speech has a recurring theme of a ‘perfect’ America that ‘could be and should be’ perfected over time. He claims that America ‘may never be perfect’ but it can ‘always be perfected’. This encourages hope for the future generations within the audience. This repetition is memorable and has emphasis on the future generation, gaining the support of the families. Another key feature of the structure is the rule of three. Obama uses many words repeatedly, for example, ‘constitution’. A union between the government and its people is also a repetitive theme, as it tightens the bondage with all the people, ‘black or white’. The end of the speech is simple but blunt to the point – ‘but this is where we start’. This again places him in history, and gives the speech a circular form. Establishing rapport with the audience is a key in any speech. Obama’s main method is using non-verbal communication (NVC’s). A simple ‘chop’ gesture is often used throughout Obama’s interview and sometimes speeches. It separates selected points to emphasise them to the audience, and is a subtle gesture to show Obama’s organisation. Eye contact is also essential, as it will engage individual crowd members, making them feel enlightened or special. Stories are used to engage the audience on a more personal level, especially if they are about children. This was the case about the end of Obama’s speech, where he speaks about Ashley, a young girl who brought together black and white people. The single phrase’ I’m here because of Ashley’ indicates a pause where Obama consolidates and the audience take in the whole story. Just because this story was a bout a child the supporters are engages on so much of a more personal level, and the moment of recognition between the ‘young white girl and the old black man’ is magnified in its glory. Then Obama slowly flows into the end paragraph – ‘this is where we start’. The whole speech is very serious, unlike Obama’s interview with David letterman, where humour was the main method to win support of the audience. Small things like Obama’s clothes, posture or background made a huge difference in both the speech and the interview. For example, Obama is very relaxed and moves his hands a lot during the letterman interview. On the other hand, Obama is very static during the speech, the background is also important, as in the race speech the background is embellished with lots of huge American flags. This shows Obama’s authenticity and patriotism. In the interview, there was a more relaxed cosmopolitan New York background. Obama uses many forms of non-verbal communication (NVC’s) to establish a strong rapport with his audience. Firstly, Obama begins with his hands pointing at the crowd, signalling the start. He uses this o calm down the crowd and to attract their attention. During the speech he often holds his hands out in a ‘welcoming embrace’. This is more personal and shows that he is an open, friendly person. He also holds his hands out straight out to emphasise a point or idea – this catches the audience’s attention, making them remember the point. Obama went on the David Letterman show to reveal his more relaxed side to America. It was his opportunity to reach a different type of audience. Very like his speeches he kept to a strict timing, where he has pauses for the audience –except that he left time for letterman to reply. For example, after being asked a question, Obama would pause and let the question sink in. While telling a joke on the show, he would never laugh at it and would keep a ‘dead pan’ face. This is because he then counts on the audience to laugh for him. He also used many filler words, such as ‘basicly’ to space out questions and awnsers evenly. Similarly to the race speech, Obama placed himself in history, mentioning JFK, FDR; similar to when he mentioned the 1787 Philadelphia conference. However, unlike the race speech; Obama was excellent at making good eye contact with the audience. This was because the audience at the race speech was much larger than the one at the David Letterman show. He also showed good willingness to joke – which engaged the audience into his conversation with Letterman. This is how the speech was similar with the interview; in both Obama was keen to establish a strong rapport with the audience. Unlike the race speech, Obama uses many slang or friendly words during the interview. He describes people as ‘folks’ and his family as ‘goofs’; showing the audience that underneath the fancy tie and suit he is just a normal guy. Obama uses many rhetorical devices to engage his audience during his race speech. The first three words in Obama’s speech are: ‘four years ago’. This is the start of a story (anecdotes) and is also used as an icebreaker. It calms the audience down –they might not hear it, but it signifies the start of the speech. The personal story gets the audience interested and focused. Then the collective pronoun, ‘you’ is used: ‘I stood before you and†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ This addresses the crowd as one and is used so every body feels included – it is inclusive. Phrases such as ‘our children and grandchildren’ promotes the feeling of inclusivity and again wins the support of families – it makes everyone feel that they are in on the ‘Obama deal’. Along with the collective pronouns Obama strings together emotive language, such as ‘victims of racial abuse’ instead of just people. This makes the speech feel very personal. One of the most important rhetorical devices he used was the rule of 3. This is the repeating of 3 certain phrases or words so they catch the audience’s attention and make it memorable. In the 5th paragraph he uses the rule of 3 to emphasise a ‘more caring, more equal and more prosperous America’. This slogan stays in the heads of the supporters. Another example of the rule of three is where Obama says ‘ordinary men and women, students and soldiers, farmers and teachers’. As well as the three pairs, he starts with ordinary men and women. This is used so he can relate with the audience, creating a better rapport. Also in that sentence was alliteration: ‘students and soldiers’. This also is easily remembered. Obama also has a repeating theme of the ‘American promise’. This repeating theme is used so it will stick in the audience’s head. Timing is essential within a speech. There is strong modulation within the context of the speech, as Obama will pause to evaluate after a lengthy paragraph or strong point. This separates certain points and gives the audience time to take in the speech. The tone of voice also sets a background atmosphere to his speech – for example, during a theoretical or metaphorical sentence; Obama would get louder in a crescendo before almost shouting at the end of the sentence. This is always followed by a huge applause and long pause. Obama pauses after his icebreaker: ‘Four years ago’ – this gives his audience time to calm and let them know that is his turn to speak. In conclusion, Obama uses many unconventional and interesting techniques as well as hand gestures to engage his audience, to appear either more friendly or serious. In comparison between the race speech and the Letterman interview, in the speech Obama is much more static and serious, while in the interview he is more relaxed and friendly. How to cite How Does Barack Obama Engage His Audience, Papers

Politics of the United States of America-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Politics of the United States of America. Answer: Introduction: Political system is very important for a country to operate the country in an efficient way. Political system with good points of view can help a country to develop further economically, politically and socially. According to the magnitude of electorate, U.S stands second largest democratic country, all over the world (McKay 2017). America has a strong political system and being a developed country, this is very important for everyone to know about this system. In this report, the political system of America will be discussed. Moreover, the report will discuss about Barack Obamas statement related to power of the U.S presidency. American political system: According the constitution of the United States, the country follows a federal republic. In federal republic, president, federal courts and congress share powers the national government. The federal government maintains sovereignty with its state governments. The President of America leads the executive branch. This branch is independent of both the judiciary and legislature. The President gets a set of advisers from the cabinet. This cabinet included the Vice President and other heads of the executive departments. Legislative power is conferred in the two chambers of Congress. These are the House of Representatives and the Senate (Wilson, DiIulio Jr, Bose and Levendusky 2018). The two chief political parties of America are the Democratic Party and the Republic Party. However, there are also some other small political parties that exist in this country. Those parties are the Green Party, the Constitution Party and the Libertarian Party. Different features of political system of America: The political system of America has some differences from other developed democratic countries. In America, the upper house of the legislature enjoys more political power compare to other countries. On the other side, the Supreme Court possesses a wider scope of power. Moreover, the legislature, the executive, and the two political dominating parities can separate the powers of politics. Other political parties enjoy less political influence compare to other developed countries (Nugent 2017). This happens because the country has tough controls on its political system. Those controls have different forms. These are federal and state laws, winner-take-all elections and informal media prohibitions and so on. State government of America: The State government of this country is a unit and operates its function under then federal government. The state government of each state has access fiscal, executive and legislative authority within their limited geographical area. The elected governor is the chief executive of a state. The governor possesses this power for four years (Hershey 2017). Each state has a bicameral legislature. This has a upper house, that is, the Senate and a lower house, that is, the House of Representatives. Local Government of America: The country has 89,500 local governments with huge numbers of counties, municipalities, townships and school districts. Local governments serve everything to its local citizens (Hershey 2017). These include protections related to fire and police, education, health, housing and public transportation. President of America: The President of America is the head of both government and state. The President is also the chief diplomat and the military commander-in-chief. The country citizens of this country cannot choose their president directly by voting system. Rather, the Electoral College chooses the President. This college represents every state and has a combination of members in the Senate and the members in the House of Representatives from all states (Moffitt 2017). The President has powers to control the national affairs and the activities of the federal government. Moreover, he or she can issue executive orders that can further influence internal policies of the country. On the other hand, the President has the power to appoint Cabinet members, federal judges and Supreme Court justices. Barack Obamas statement: The 44th President of America has some statements about the power of the presidency of the U.S.A. he served as the President from 2009 to 2017. He took this responsibility from a positive point of view. He though that the unity among the citizens of America is the chief reason behind the development of the nation. However, according to him, democracy can be existed in the country further if some changes will occur within the country. He tried to point out about the equality and unalienable rights. For making the country stronger and democrat, it is very important for every citizen to speak about their conditions (Matvienko and Gavrylenko 2018). As the President bears huge responsibly of as developed country, Barack Obama stated that it is very difficult to handle the overall situation. According to him, a small decision can affect negatively on the whole countrys economy, politics and society. Moreover, this brings huge chance for the president to lose his position in future. Accordi ng to him, the country can improve its condition under a good leadership. This leadership can be obtained from an efficient president. Moreover, to improve the political conditions of the country, the President should be very optimistic. During his presidential period, Barack Obama faced various problem related to international affairs (Pan and Turner 2017). Hence, according to him, those situations should be controlled carefully without hampering the international relation with other countries. The President also suggests for giving importance on some important issues related to global warming and terrorisms (Cole and Harper 2017). According to him, terrorisms are a growing political problem that U.S is facing. Hence, it is very important to control this efficiently. There are also some other problems related to modern society. Those problems should be handled carefully. Hence, the President of the country bears great power to control the whole country. According to him, this power is increasing every day. However, this should be done carefully. Conclusion: After discussing the whole topics, it can be concluded that the country has a strong political power and this can help the country to develop further. Moreover, this political system of the country differs from other countries in some cases. The President of U.S faces huge responsibilities, as it is a democratic country. Barack Obama also stated about the presidency power of the country. He faced huge challenges and borne huge responsibilities at the time of his duty. He also faced various challenges during his presidential period. References: Cole, E.R. and Harper, S.R., 2017. Race and rhetoric: An analysis of college presidents statements on campus racial incidents.Journal of Diversity in Higher Education,10(4), p.318. Hershey, M.R., 2017.Party politics in America. Taylor Francis. Matvienko, V.M. and Gavrylenko, I.I., 2018. THE EXERCISE OF SOFT POWER BY THE US THROUGH THE USE OF MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY DURING GW BUSH AND B. OBAMA PRESIDENCY.Actual problems of international relations, (133), pp.16-25. McKay, D., 2017.American politics and society. John Wiley Sons. Moffitt, S., 2017. Book Review: Campaigning for President in America, 17882016.Reference User Services Quarterly,56(2), pp.141-142. Nugent, N., 2017.The government and politics of the European Union. Springer. Pan, C. and Turner, O., 2017. Neoconservatism as discourse: Virtue, power and US foreign policy.European Journal of International Relations,23(1), pp.74-96. Wilson, J.Q., DiIulio Jr, J.J., Bose, M. and Levendusky, M.S., 2018.American government: Institutions and policies. Cengage Learning.

The Trap. Germinal Review Essay Example

The Trap. Germinal Review Paper Essay on The Trap. Germinal How would you tell that I felt when I read Germinal, what thoughts swarming in my head after reading . Yes, I have just started there pandemonium thoughts and my poor head could not stand this onslaught, and, for the sake of their own well-being , forgot half =)) Im kidding, of course .. But in every joke there is only a fraction of a joke This book struck me to the core. I was impressed and its only a small of my feelings. I do not believe that such cruelty exists on earth. I do not want to believe in human oskotinivanie. Yes, we came out of the animal world. But the fact of the matter is that out We will write a custom essay sample on The Trap. Germinal Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Trap. Germinal Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Trap. Germinal Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The main character -. Etienne, an ordinary young man, what are now many, ambitious and prone to star disease, I would say. Left without a job in a difficult period for France, he decided to go into the mine. Him a lot of luck. Coincidentally, he still got a job hauler (coal loader). After working at the mine just nothing Etienne decided that they have been treated unfairly and began the revolutionary movement among the miners, spodvignuv them to food riots. It was not difficult. The recipe is simple an unhealthy atmosphere, frequent malnutrition, lack of sleep, hard work, poor health and all, more or less fluent in the language can persuade you to strike. I understand very well the workers it is really bad. Bad with a capital letter. But they are used to and do not know any other life. And this boy, for his ambitious whims simply condemning them to death by starvation !!!! If this is a revolution, I am their fanatical opponent !!!!! Killed children and all for the sake of someone elses ideas. And in fact, its simple. If there is a civilization, then communism will never be. There will be no equality. Will not and thats it. And it has been proven not a revolution, not a blood Emile Zolas just a great writer !!! I never thought that someday I will read a book about the revolution with such gusto, with such selflessness. In his book, green smell, streams gurgled, everything was alive and breathing !!!!!! I do not know how to finish, so I just give you a quote the last sentence of the book. In my opinion, it is a landmark In the field of slowly growing seedlings, menacing black army matured for future harvest, and sowing it should penetrate the interior of the earth.

The courts have interpreted variation for the purposes of s.630 Companies Act 2006 in a rather strict and literal way but this has never caused any great concern. The WritePass Journal

The courts have interpreted variation for the purposes of s.630 Companies Act 2006 in a rather strict and literal way but this has never caused any great concern. Introduction The courts have interpreted variation for the purposes of s.630 Companies Act 2006 in a rather strict and literal way but this has never caused any great concern. IntroductionPart 2BibliographyRelated Introduction The courts have been notoriously strict[1] in their interpretation of â€Å"variation† of class rights both under s.630 of the Companies Act 2006 and under its predecessor, s.125 of the 1985 Act[2]. Case law under s.630 is yet to develop so it is to the historical interpretation of â€Å"variation† which must be examined taken with, as Gower and Davies point out, a presumption that the courts will continue in the same vein as there is nothing in s.630 which permits a radical departure from s.125[3]. The above statement is mostly true as the central concerns which have been exposed by the section in subsequent Acts, namely that where the courts have perceived the formal rights of shareholders to be unaffected they have been unmoved by any adverse effect on the value of the class rights to hold that the â€Å"variation† protection applies, have been balanced by the ability of a company to amend its articles to circumvent or amend the â€Å"variation† protect ion mechanisms, the s.22 entrenchment mechanism and s.633 review applications. A balance needs to be struck between the protection of class rights and the proper conduct of business and s.630 does achieve this albeit with some imperfections such as the status of preference shareholders in unquoted companies. The purpose of s.630 is to protect shareholders who belong to a certain class, giving them, in the words of Gower Davies, a â€Å"veto over the change proposed, even if the company’s constitution provides them with no right to vote on the issue†[4]. Thus when any proposal to alter the articles may vary their class rights[5] either the consent of that class of shareholders is required, usually with an extraordinary 75% majority at a separate meeting of that class[6] unless the articles specify otherwise, or a written resolution having the support of 75% of holders of the nominal value of that class[7] is required in order for the proposal to have any validity. The statute provides the default position but as will be examined later s.630 (2) of the 2006 Act allows the companies’ articles to set either a higher of a lower standard. The concerns arise where the class is adversely affected by the proposals but not to the degree which the courts would consider constitutes a â€Å"variation† for the purposes of the 2006 Act or in that companies articles of association: thus the narrow interpretation mentioned above could be cited as an example of how the section could be bypassed altogether. If it is only the value of the rights and not the rights themselves which are adversely affected then the courts have been unwilling to extend the protection afforded by s.630 or in the articles and shareholders are deprived of their veto to prevent such changes[8]. The classic example of this would be the House of Lords decision in Adelaide Electric Co v Prudential Assurance[9] where the payment of dividends being moved to Australia along with the business resulted in a lesser payment given the relative strengths of the Australian and British currencies of the time but the underlying right, to receive the dividend, was unchanged. Permitted variation of one class of share affecting another indirectly has also exposed reluctance by the courts to increase the scope of the term â€Å"variation†. In Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas[10] a subdivision of one class of shares deprived the holder of one class of his power to block a special resolution. Lord Greene MR, delivering the leading judgement, said that the preference shareholders in light of the wording of the articles are affected, as a matter of business. As a matter of law, I am quite unable to hold that, as a result of the transaction, the rights are varied; they remain what they always were.[11] However, he also conceded that if the right of one vote per share was changed this would constitute a variation but in the present case it had remained constant throughout despite the subdivision[12]. Nevertheless, the court held that this could not come under the meaning of â€Å"variation† and echoes to some extent the decision in White v Bristol Aerop lane[13] where an increase in one class of shares was also held to fail the variance test in respect of another class â€Å"notwithstanding that the result was to alter the voting equilibrium of the classes†[14]. Although on the face of matters this would seem to be a major concern Lord Greene’s rationale makes sense in that his solution is clearly designed to protect businesses from being vetoed every time they make an approved decision which would affect the class rights of other shareholders. Logically speaking it would be a barrier if in a free market society every time one set of class rights were varied and another was affected albeit indirectly that class would have a veto on the proposal: this would stifle business and freedom to contract. Another main concern is preference shares but this has been alleviated somewhat by a contractual solution called the â€Å"spens formula†[15]. The case of Dimbula Valley (Ceylon) Tea Co v Laurie[16]saw a capitalisation of undistributed profits realised in a bonus issue to ordinary shareholders. The effect of this was to deny the preference shareholders future profits on winding up or reduction. The court held this did not constitute a variation of the preference shareholders’ rights where they were non-participating with respect to dividends but participating with respect to capital[17]. The converse situation to the above, in House of Fraser v AGCE Investments Ltd[18], saw the preference shareholders being deprived of valuable dividend rights. Gower and Davies have highlighted this as being unfair on the preference shareholders though they do point out that under the â€Å"spens formula† preference shares which are non participating in a winding-up are protected by the provision of a guarantee that any redemption or return of capital will be linked to â€Å"the average quoted market price of the shares in the month before†[19]. They conclude though by warning that this contractual solution applies only to listed companies. Consequently preference shareholders in unquoted companies remain a concern in that the ratios of Dimbula Valley and House of Fraser will still expose them to risk either losing valuable dividend rights or denying them the participation in the profits on winding-up or reduction. Finally there are issues of ranking to be discussed. The courts have flatly rejected any moves to invalidate a proposal which either ranks new share issues on an equal basis with existing shares or which ranks new ordinary preference shares ahead of ordinary shares but behind existing preference shares[20]. Of course the latter case would be different if the new shares were to be ranked ahead of both existing preference and ordinary shares and that would indeed constitute a variation under the companies’ Memorandum of Association which stated: â€Å"cl. 5†¦indicated that the preferences conferred on the holders of preference shares were to be preserved, and only modified, affected, varied, extended or surrendered with the sanction of an extraordinary resolution of the members of the class†. It is important to note that many cases above do not default to the statutory position but include protection against variations in their respective articles of associations or memorandums of association which can be more demanding, for example, in terms of the level of approval required. Such provisions balance out many of the concerns addressed above in respect of the courts’ interpretation of the term â€Å"variation† though it should be noted that such clauses cannot impose a lower standard of procedure. S.630(2) of the 2006 Act notes that the default rules contained in the statute may be superseded by provision for variation contained in the articles of association. S.630(5) provides further protection however by ensuring that any alteration of the variation procedure itself in the articles attracts the protection for class rights. Thus any concerns that a company could simply alter a high variation procedure to a much lower one by a s.21 procedure are defeated by the inclusion of s.630(5). Gower and Davies do sound a cautionary note here though: â€Å"This [a simple s.21 alteration of the variation procedure] will not be possible as a result of s.630(5), unless, presumably, the articles themselves expressly provide a less demanding way of amending the variation procedure than the default rule in the statute†[21]. So it is possible for a company to escape many of the provisions of s.630 but they must still deal with the narrow interpretations given to variation regardless of the actual wording they choose. Palmer[22] made some observations on both White v Bristol Aeroplane Co and John Smith’s Tadcaster Brewery Co Ltd as being examples where the interpretation of the articles was unsatisfactory. He expresses some scepticism about the construction of the word â€Å"affected† but notes that firstly s.630 is of little help where the articles contain such wording and secondly that there may be a remedy available in the form of the unfairly prejudicial conduct remedy[23]. The Court of Appeal in John Smith’s Tadcaster Brewery noted that more explicit wording would be needed to allow the clause in the articles protecting preference shareholders to be extended to a bonus issue to ordinary shareholders. Many articles do include specific protection of preference shareholders. In Northern Engineering Industries Plc, Re[24]a clause in the articles which stipulated that a reduction in capital would require the consent of the company’s preference shareholders was upheld and enforced when a proposal to cancel their shares was tabled[25] . Finally under s.630(3) and s.633 a company could firstly conceivably make use of the entrenchment mechanism of s.22 in light of s.630 being â€Å"without prejudice to any other restrictions on the variation of rights† and secondly also apply to a court to review a majority decision. S.22 empowers a company to set an even higher bar for amendments to the variation procedure in the articles, the example given by Gower and Davies being raising consent levels to 100%. S.633 provides a further safeguard in that it enables a court review of the majority’s decision[26]. The criteria for review is quite high though, requiring that dissenting members of a class hold 15% of the shares of that class and that they exercise the right to challenge within 21 days. Once the application is made the variation does not have any effect until it is either confirmed or cancelled in light of the courts decision on whether there has been unfair prejudice to the shareholders’ in question[27]. In conclusion the interpretation of â€Å"variation† in the Companies Act s.630 is very narrow yet the statement is mostly true because any concerns which the section has exposed have been alleviated by the review procedure under s.633, the ability of companies’ to alter their articles and the s.22 entrenchment mechanisms. Problems persist with preference shareholders in unquoted companies but the inclusion of carefully worded protection in the articles goes some way to ending any notable concern and striking the correct balance between the protection of holders of class rights and the protection of business practice. Part 2 (a)The question here is covered by the Sale of Goods Act 1979. S.19(1) empowers the seller to make a reservation of title and is a logical consequence of the rule that property in the goods passes when the parties intend it to pass. The clause in our contract is an â€Å"all sums† clause which was held to be valid in Armour v Thyssen[28] in the House of Lords. The reference to indebtedness means that the property will remain with the seller until all such debts and obligations owed to the seller are discharged. Atiyah[29] points to the two requirements here for such a clause to operate: The pallets of paper have not yet been touched and they are on Wye’s premises: the conditions have been fulfilled. The purchase price has been paid and the contract concluded under s.27 of the 1979 Act but we do not have any information regarding any other outstanding debts or obligations upon Wye. Obviously if there was any kind of security or charge this would have to be discharged before any thoughts of selling the property on could be entertained. Assuming there are no outstanding debts and the purchase price has been fully paid then title in the property has passed to Wye and accordingly the option open to Linda is to sell the paper for a good price. If there are still debts outstanding then s.25(1) of the 1979 Act may be of assistance: a buyer in possession of goods which are still owned by a seller may give good title to those goods to a third party purchaser, provided that the third party is in good faith and has no notice of the rights of the seller in the goods. This section can effectively defeat the retention of title clause in the original contract. Regarding the final part of the clause: the contract not being registered in the Registrar of Companies is no barrier to any subsequent sale as noted by s.62(4) of the 1979 Act and Atiyah[30]. (b) The legal position regarding John is contained in s.11 of the Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986[31]. Breach of this section attracts criminal liability as well as potentially attracting personal liability for the company’s debts though as Gower and Davies note this may not be of much use given that John probably has little funds[32]. Most importantly this matter is an automatic disqualification and he can be removed from the payroll with immediate effect thus minimising his potential claim as a preferential creditor on the liquidation. Martin has been acting in the management of Wye Ltd even though he has been prohibited from doing so under s.1(1)[33]. Ss13 and 14 outline the criminal penalties but more important in Martin’s example is the personal liability for debts and liabilities of the company incurred while he was in breach of the order under s.15(1)(a). This could be a very good way minimising the debts to be paid back though it would depend on the time he has been managing in breach of the order. (c) There is no formal contract between the two parties here. The essentials of English contract law need firstly a promise, secondly consideration for that promise and thirdly the offeror’s promise must be made to induce the consideration (Elliot contract law). The half-hearted promise made by Barchester could well be unenforceable as an unequivocal promise is required. If we can prove that there is a contract in place then Linda can sue the law school for breach of contract since they have clearly not fulfilled their part of the contract. The promise made by Barchester is one which looks to the future and could be interpreted as a statement of intention. If there is any element of misrepresentation then there would be a clear breach of contract and Linda would be able sue them to swell the assets of the Wye Limited. (d) Does this charge have to be registered? It is secured over the property of Wye and would come under s.860(7)(a) of the 2006 Act. The requirement to keep a register of all charges created by the company is found under s.876(2) of the Companies Act 2006. S.876(3) and (4) state that a fine will be imposed if there has been failure to comply with this requirement but the case of Wright v Horton demonstrates that the validity of the charge will not be affected in any way. Care has to be taken with the timing of the registration as well as it must have been registered within 21 days of the creation of the charge: failure to do so would render the charge invalid against the liquidator of the company. The loan of  £150,000 would then be immediately payable under s.874(3) should any part be void. As for the unsecured creditors trying to claim the prescribed part s.176A of the Insolvency Act 1986 confirms that they are entitled to this and recent case law Airbase (UK) Limited[34]   has established that neither fixed or floating charge holders may share in the prescribed part. Linda should register the charge in Wye’s own register as quickly as possible to avoid a fine. The charge over property could well come under a substantial property transaction under the Companies Act 2006 s.190 as the asset here (the warehouse) could be worth over  £100,000. If this is true then the transaction is voidable at the instance of the company as shareholders must give their consent. (e) The Insolvency Act 1986 governs floating charges. That the  £75,000 was paid 37 minutes before the execution of the charge document is not important. The timing of the floating charge may be significant though as s.245 of the 1986 Act will strike down any charge to an unconnected person within 12 months of a winding up order. This suggests invalidity of this floating charge as it was created within 10 months of the winding up date although arguably it could slip outside of the technical insolvency dates. Linda should challenge the floating charge under s.245. There is also no mention of its registration as required by part 25 of the Companies Act 2006. s.860(1) of the 2006 Act requires floating charges to be registered at Companies House within 21 days of creation. If there has been no registration then this security is void against Linda the liquidator anyway. The absence of a negative pledge clause means that the floating charge will rank behind fixed securities made real rights before attachment of the floating charge. So Bee Bank plc will be at a disadvantage when the floating charge crystallises. Furthermore, competing floating charges rank in order of registration. The floating charge, if registered, will already have crystallised due to the liquidation and will have already had the effect of depriving Wye Ltd of all the assets under the floating charge although ranking behind fixed securities which are real rights. Again since the registration of the floating charge is the responsibility of Wye Ltd the loan would be immediately payable if the charge was later held to be invalid under s.874(3). (f)   This is a creditors voluntary winding up under the Insolvency Act 1986 There could, by piercing the corporate veil, be liability for the directors if the company sold to was a company which was controlled or owned by a director in this transaction and was a sham company[35]. It all depends on the nature and composition of the company which has received the corporate assets in question and indeed the inclination of the court in question. The assets belong to the company and liquidators have a duty to ensure that the interests of creditors are protected under s.107 of the 1986 Act. If an asset has been sold at below value either in the six months before liquidation or 2 years if a connected person, the liquidator can challenge the transfer and claim against the recipient and/or the directors, making the transaction void. S.238 (4)(b) is the relevant section[36]. The timing aspect comes close to the wire: it should be noted that the date of the winding up order is 15th October 2010 and the date of the sale is 23rd April 2010 which places this transaction just under 6 months before the winding up of the company so whether the person is connected or not is irrelevant. The relevant date though is when the company is technically insolvent which is presumably long before the winding-up order is granted. Regardlessly, this transaction, if it should transpire that it was sold for an under value, can be voided by Linda and she can make a claim against the director(s) involved. The property might be able to be returned and vested in the company under s.241 but there are safeguards for third parties acquiring in good faith and this is not guaranteed. If the person sold to was a connected person with knowledge then the antique clock will be vested in the company again. Bibliography Atiyah (2005) Sale of Goods Pearson: UK Griffin, Steven (2006) Company Law: Fundamental Principles Pearson: UK Gower and Davies (2008) Principles of Modern Company Law Sweet Maxwell: London Palmer (2010) Company Law Sweet Maxwell: UK Sealy Worthington (2008) Cases and Materials in Company Law Oxford University Press Cases Adelaide Electric Co v Prudential Assurance [1934] A.C. 122 H.L Airbase (UK) Limited [2008] EWHC 124(Ch) Armour v Thyssen [1991] 2 A.C. 339 Cumbrian Newspapers Group Ltd v. Cumberland and Westmorland Herald etc Ltd [1986] All E.R. 816 Dimbula Valley (Ceylon) Tea Co v Laurie [1961] Ch.353 Gencor ACP Ltd v Dalby [2000] 2 B.C.L.C Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Ltd [1946] 1 All ER 512 Hodge v James Howell Co [1958] C.L.Y. 446, CA, The Times House of Fraser plc v. ACGE Investments Ltd 1987 SLT 421 (HL) Re Hellenic and General Trust Ltd [1975] 3 All ER 382 Re Northern Engineering Industries plc [1994] BCC 618 White v. Bristol Aeroplane Co. Ltd [1953] Ch.65 Statute Companies Act 2006   1985  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sale of Goods Act 1979 Insolvency Act 1986  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Directors Disqualification Act 1986 n money or money’s worth, of the consideration provided by the company.†

How Will Retail Look like in 2020 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

How Will Retail Look like in 2020 - Essay Example Consumer changes, preferences, and tastes are constantly changing giving the retail sector a new look. By 2020, the retail sector will have more connected consumers, increased trust and transparency, buying will be frictionless, a change in-store experience, and will be more challenging to retailers.Considering the ostensible fact that the 2020 consumers will be more tech-savvy than the present, they will be more connected through wearable technology. While laptops, tablets, and smartphones will undoubtedly have their place, digitally connected contact lenses, earpieces, and watches will imply that the consumers will be permanently connected. Consequently, customers will straightforwardly blunderbuss online marketing thus living in a world where their buying decisions will be influenced by personalized recommendations. The unwarranted staff costs attributable to property leasing and gratuitously lengthy trading hours will be eliminated as wholesalers and manufacturers will have recog nized how lucrative and simple it is to make undeviating online sales. Apparently, this will bring consumers close to the manufacturers thus jettisoning the middlemen who often hike the prices of retail goods.Additionally, buyers will buy by a single command without having to click severally. Chatting with retailers, choosing products, trying samples, and getting endorsements will be fast and proficient. This will also be bolstered by the mixture of frictionless imbursement systems and virtual currencies such as the Bitcoin Mark 5 that will be in circulation. More contactless technologies will be in existence particularly considering the speed at which the US and UK consumers are embracing the technologies. A good example is the NFC (Near Field Communications) technology which is presently making it a realistic to pay for a myriad of products ranging from bus tickets to chocolate with merely a tap of the credit card. The PayPal and Visa.me services will be extremely advanced. The 20 20 customers will simply use their mobile phones to make and implement pay arrangements (Kare-Silver 72). Similarly, retailers will concentrate more on the use of social forums such as Twitter and Facebook plummeting street shopping. The number of retailers running ‘real’ shops will, thus, be enormously abridged. However, as the intrinsic need to touch and feel will still be high, consumers will still visit stores maintaining the resilient social component connected with shopping as asserted by Meng (N.p).

Porter s 5 forces analysis for luxury good industry Assignment

Porter s 5 forces analysis for luxury good industry - Assignment Example They usually have brand loyalty and may not want to switch because the brand defines them. However, their preferences can shift very often, making it hard for the firm to meet their needs continually. As a result, firms in this industry have to work harder to be able to continually impress the customers with the latest innovations. This costs the firm very much, but they can get their investment back because the customers are willing to pay more dollars for the products, as long as they are happy with the product. The threat of substitutes is high for this sector because they are readily available. Furthermore, the luxury goods are not a necessity and so the buyers can easily survive without them. As a result, when the economy is not doing well, the luxury market is likely to suffer first and the most. In such a case, the buyers can easily switch to substitutes because the switching cost is very low, or no switching cost at all. This makes it hard for the firms in this sector to have a strategic advantage over its customers. Firms in this industry are therefore hard pressed to make sure that the customer will not have the need to switch to an alternative because if they do not do that, they will easily lose their customers. One of the factors identified by Porter (1998) with regard to the strategic position of a business is the supplier bargaining power. For the luxury products sector, the suppliers do not have much bargaining power. This is because they can easily switch to other suppliers in an easy and efficient way without any significant cost. This means that the bargaining of suppliers is moderate, or even very weak in some instances. The firms can easily get the items being supplied by one supplier from almost any other supplier in the market. If the firm is able to buy in bulk, they even have an even bigger advantage. Usually, the number of suppliers is very high ad this gives more bargaining power to the buyers and less power to the suppliers.

Heart Failure Case Study

Heart Failure Case Study Sharon Heather Ferguson-Guy When it comes to Heart Failure the best form for a brighter future is to optimise the intervention with treatment goals that are vital for the patients’ health, well-being and gain a better chance of longevity. The benefits of obtaining a compatible medication treatment goal for the patient, is so to reduce the stress and anxiety for the patient, which in turn can minimise hospital admissions. Anyone that has other cardiovascular risks such as diabetes, smoking, excessive alcohol (with young adults; with excessive alcohol consumption, they may be susceptible to ‘holiday heart syndrome’ which it is also known as) (Sanders, et al. 2012, p.628) and elevated blood cholesterol levels. The following case study was given freely from a neighbour on his present health. I have changed his name to protect his confidentiality. Case study: Mr Lloyd is a 73 years old widower and has heart failure in the form of Atrial Fibrillation. He started to become breathless after riding his bike; that he did daily. He said that he also noticed excitable flutters in his chest, but did not take much notice as he thought it was because he had over exerted on an activity at his time of life and put it down to the aging process. He popped to his local General Practitioner with his experiences and was put on a low dose of Warfarin. After a couple of weeks he returned and told his General Practitioner that he was not feeling any better and did not feel right. His General Practitioner told him to continue his dosage for another week. Mr Lloyd enjoyed walking if he was not cycling, but, due to the weather he left the bike at home. While on his way he slipped on ice and banged his head on the pavement. He was taken to hospital for the rest of the day due to a possible concussion. At the point of leaving he complained he still had a headache. The doctor was not surprised as he had banged his head and prescribed pain relief and told him what to watch out for with head injuries (They were aware of his medication he was on at the time). After a week of pain relief he still did not feel right. His daughter took him to a different hospital. The doctor asked what medication he was on and told him that he was on still on the warfarin, they took him off it immediately, and replaced with a very low dose of aspirin. They immediately took him for a MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan that revealed that he had a haemorrhage on the brain; it had been there since the fall. History: There is not a family history of heart failure. Has not smoked for 50 years. Does not have any previous illnesses. Has never drank alcohol. Has worked away from home outdoors all of his working life until retirement. Admitted that his diet improved since his retirement, as with his previous job required him to be away from home quite a lot of the time and so his lifestyle then contained of hotels and bar meals. Has never been a big eater and portions were always small. Signs and symptoms: Feeling breathless on light activities, more so when cycling Feeling weak and more tired Dizzy after excursion Pale but not all the time. No sickness Heart beating too fast, rhythm was irregular No coughing Not confusion No weight gain as always active BP normal No depressive feelings or cognitive problems Tests done: Auscultated lungs for changes – non were found Blood test was taken Blood Pressure – high on his visit, but often fluctuated between normal and high Neck veins checked – no distension found ECG that read Atrial Fibrillation Electrocardiogram was performed for 24 hours No chest x-ray was performed Pitting oedema was slight at the end of the day Medication before fall: Warfarin – was later changed to Aspirin Salbutamol inhaler Furosemide (unable to remember dose) Cod liver oil 2 spoonful’s twice a day – home remedies (On further reading on drugs.com I was curious regarding his cod liver oil intake and the medication of warfarin he was taking that may interact due to it containing vitamin K, this reduces the effectiveness of the warfarin and flagged an air of caution) (drugs.com) Mr Lloyd still suffered tiredness and breathlessness. Medication after fall for 4 months: Aspirin Cod liver oil 2 capsules twice a day – home remedies Pravastatin 20mg – 1 daily (reduces the bad cholesterol) Salbutamol – when required Simvastatin 20mg – 1 daily (changed from pravastatin also reduces bad cholesterol) Spiro inhaler – when required (drugs.com) Mr Lloyd was told to weigh himself every morning as he got out of bed. This was so he could take part in his own progress on any weight gain or weight loss due to the change of medication and possible fluid retention. He noticed the frequency during the day and maybe once at night in going to urinate. With the changed medication Mr Lloyd still suffered tiredness and was breathlessness on light activities. After a review with a specialist his present medication treatment plan is: Apixaban 5mg – 1 x 2 daily (reduce the risk of stroke clots) Atorvastatin 10mg – 1 daily Cod liver oil 2 capsules daily home remedies (not spoonful’s anymore) Digoxin 125mcg – 1 daily (makes the heart beat stronger and a regular rhythm) Dutasteride 0.5mg – 1 daily (used with Tamsulosin, reduce risk of urinary blockage) Omerprazole 20mg – 1 daily (acid reflux) Spiro inhaler – when required Tamsulosin hydrochloride 400mcg m/r capsules 1 daily– muscle relaxant, ease flow of urine (drugs.com) This drug therapy is working well and clear from any adverse reactions and only visits the General Practitioner twice yearly. Blood pressure is stable at 110/75 bpm. His weight has not changed. Mr Lloyd still charts his input and output of fluids. With this, he is able to monitor and report to his now General Practitioner any noticeable differences, to which, there is not any. Current status: Even though Mr Lloyd had to endure some frustrating discomfort with tiredness and breathlessness from past medications, these just didn’t suit him, (It may have been a perfect combination for somebody else) and the time it had to take to get the correct treatment goals and drug therapy to his own body’s balance, Mr Lloyd is continuing his everyday activities without any problems of breathlessness or tiredness that have hugely decreased. He has decided with himself and with agreement from his General Practitioner that after about 17.00 he will start to slow down, and relaxes after food, and will potter in his garden instead of cycling. I have only ever known Mr Lloyd to cycle everywhere and all day. He tells me that he now enjoys seeing a television programme to the end instead of falling asleep half way through. His medication has slowed down his ventricular rate and that he will go for another review later on this year. Mr Lloyd said that he would not mind if the dose was lowered or none at all as he does not like to be reliant on medication. The specialist Doctor after reviewing Mr Lloyd advised him to attend a rehabilitation gym (sponsored by the British Heart Foundation) to monitor his exercise regime and to teach him how to keep fit in a healthy way for his age. They also educated him on a tasteful diet without the worry of blandness. He still goes to the gym, mainly because he has made many friends with similar conditions, and able to swap ideas. Mr Lloyd values the presence of the professional medical staff that are there for any health or heart concerns. Treating congestive heart failure with medication: To optimise the correct and suitable medication would be to find the patients correct balance. This will take a selection of medication over a period of time in order to reach the optimum goal of drug therapy. The reason for this is to make less strain on the heart by using the correct combination of drug and its correct dosage. We must try and increase the cardiac output so the blood can pump more blood every minute. This will in turn improve the pumping action of the heart and reduce the hearts workload. So medication or a medical intervention may be suggested, the severity or damage would be taken into consideration. If there is a valve problem, it may be fixed with a repair or a replacement. If a more invasive form of fixing is needed, surgical implants may be required. This may be a pacemaker. This is a ventricular assisted device that contains a pulse generator with one, two or three electrode leads that give off electrical impulses to and from the heart (British Heart Foundati on 2014, p.13)(Cleland 2006, pp.72-44). A more severe case may include a heart transplant which includes a recently deceased donor that is a match for the recipient. There are risks involved like any other surgery, but a heart transplant may be rejected due to rejection, infection or the new heart does not work properly. (Cleland 2006, pp.79-80) We need to take the effort off the workload on the heart by decreasing the fluid overload and reduce the blood pressure, so medication to reduce the heart rate and increase vasodilation (widen the blood vessels, by relaxing the smooth muscle cells). Diuretics would be one solution that would help with the fluid overload. This will increase the urine output and so in turn decreases the fluid overload. Different diuretics such as thiazide and loop diuretics that will cause a general loss of sodium and water from the body but also other electrolytes (minerals in the blood). This must be monitored for hypokalaemia (low potassium) because of sodium and water loss, potassium can be lost from the body in large quantities. (Cleland 2006, pp.54-63)(Class notes 2014/15) Another diuretic is a potassium sparing diuretic, it is an aldosterone antagonist (blocks the sodium retention effects of aldosterone in the kidney). This may cause a reverse problem, the potassium sparing diuretic can cause the body to retain too much potassium, so the patient must be monitored for hyperkalaemia (high potassium). An imbalance of hypokalaemia or hyperkalaemia in the body will be a risk of the electrical problems in the heart. By using diuretics the patient will be monitored for hypotension (low blood pressure) this is due to the fluid retention and the reduction of blood pressure medication. You must also monitor serum creatinine (waste product in the blood that comes from muscle activity and kidney function indicator). If the levels of this get too high, it will be an indication that the kidneys are having problems. (Class notes 2014/15)(Cleland 2006, pp.59-63) Other medications that will be help congested heart failure is to now focus on the blood vessels, the aim is to stimulate the function of the vasodilation that will rest the heart by slowing it down. The most used medication is called an ACE inhibitors (Angiotensin-converting enzyme) (Cleland 2006, pp.53-56) this will block the enzyme that forms angiotensin II also known as ARBs (angiotensin receptor blockers) (Cleland 2006, pp.56-57) this causes the vasoconstriction to raise the blood pressure. The ACE inhibitor will interrupt the cycle of angiotensin II, this will then decrease the blood pressure. The increase of vasodilation with the ACE inhibitors and vasodilation will lower the blood pressure and so helps to reduce the workload on the heart. There will be a drop in aldosterone (is a corticosteroid hormone that stimulates absorption of sodium by the kidneys) levels causing a decrease in fluid overload. A medication called ARBS (Angiotensin Receptor Blockers) reduce the activity of the angiotensin II in the blood. You would prescribe this if the patient is not able to tolerate an ACE inhibitor. (Class notes)(Cleland 2006, pp.56) Beta blockers block the binding of norepinephrine (neurotransmitter) to the beta receptors on the heart, this will cause a decrease in the heart rate. Which in turn will decrease the blood pressure and the workload of the heart. With such an amount of medication, it is advisable to monitor the patient for hypotension. (Class notes 2014/15)(Cleland 2006, pp.57-59) References: Bibliography British Heart Foundation (2014) Pacemakers. Chronic heart failure | introduction | Guidance and guidelines (no date) Available at: http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg108/chapter/introduction (Accessed: 13 May 2015) Cleland, J. (2006) Understanding heart failure. London: Family Doctor Publications in association with the British Medical Association Prescription Drug Information, Interactions Side Effects (no date) Available at: http://www.drugs.com (Accessed: 14 May 2015) Sanders, M. J., Lewis, L. M., Quick, G. and McKenna, K. D. (2012) Mosby’s Paramedic Textbook [With DVD]. 4th edn. United States: Elsevier/Mosby Jems Citation (Chronic heart failure | introduction | Guidance and guidelines, no date) (Prescription Drug Information, Interactions Side Effects, no date) (Sanders et al., 2012, p. 628) (British Heart Foundation, 2014, p. 13) (Cleland, 2006, p. 56) (Cleland, 2006, pp. 57 – 59) (Cleland, 2006, pp. 57 – 59) (Cleland, 2006, pp. 56 – 57) (Cleland, 2006, pp. 53 – 56) (Cleland, 2006, pp. 59 – 63) (Cleland, 2006, pp. 54 – 63) (Cleland, 2006, pp. 79 – 80) (Cleland, 2006, pp. 72 – 74) Case study given freely by my neighbour. Font used – Calibri light. Size 11. Size 9 for references My draft copy was kindly read and checked by: The Clinical Manager and three different Clinical Supervisors at Yorkshire Ambulance Service.

Multicultural Educational System Essay -- Multiculturalism Education C

Multicultural Educational System Historically, The United States has been a racially and ethnically a diverse nation. Since Americans represent a variety of cultures and have a variety of viewpoints, we share many cultural traditions, values, and political ideals that cement us together as a nation. Children can develop their ideas and their identity at early stages in schools. Education should stress the value of diversity and avoid portraying one culture or group as superior to others. A multicultural educational system would not only educate the students in a classroom, but also enrich the teacher and society. The definition of multiculturalism is education that focuses on providing equal opportunity for students who’s cultural or language patterns make it difficult for them to succeed in traditional programs. (Oxford) Some discuss multicultural education as a shift in curriculum, perhaps as simple as adding new and diverse materials and perspectives to be more inclusive of traditionally underrepresented groups. Others talk about classroom climate issues or teaching styles that serve certain groups while presenting barriers for others. Still others focus on institutional and systemic issues such as tracking, standardized testing, or funding discrepancies. Some go farther still, insisting on education change as part of a larger societal transformation in which we more closely explore and criticize the oppressive foundations of society and how education serves to maintain the foundations such as white supremacy, capitalism, global socioeconomic situations, and exploitation. The melting pot theory is the Americanization process brought about by teaching everybody English and American social ideals from European Ethnic Cu... ... 30, 2004 Levine, Daniel U. (1997) Foundations of Education, Education in Culturally Diverse Society. Pages 159-170, 535. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston Meacham, Jack (2003) Student Diversity in classes and Educational Outcomes: Student Perceptions, Pages 627 retrieved from Eric Journal September 30, 2004 Ryan, Francis. (1993) The Perils of Multiculturalism, Educational Horizons, spring, pgs 134-138 Sternberg, Robert J. (2002) Educational Psychology, Group Differences, The Big Picture. Pages 191-225 Allyn and Bacon, Boston. Shorter Oxford English dictionary (5th ed.). (2002). New York: Oxford University Press. Viadero, D. Increased choice found to have modest impact on school improvement. Edweek. Retrieved Nov 7,2004 from Edweek.com Watkins, William. (1994) Multicultural Education... Educational Theory, v. 44, no. 1, winter, esp. pp. 99-110

Corporate Responsibility and Society Essay

While commuting home from work, you take a detour through a residential area to avoid a congested main artery. Because only a few drivers take the detour, it removes several minutes from your commuting time due to the light traffic. Is your action generalizable? I do believe that my actions would be generalizable; therefore it would not pass the generalization test. According to Hooker, the meaning of generalization test is that the reason for your action should be consistent with the assumption that if everyone who has the same reason as you would act in the same manner (Business Ethics, 2011). The detour is not an area that is not allowed to be taken; it is there for anyone to take despite of the reason for taking it. Anyone that wanted to cut down their commute time in order to pick up a child from daycare, to get to school on time, to prepare dinner, or just because they no longer wanted to sit in traffic is irrelevant to the fact that they are able to take this route. In order to further put this generalization to the test we should see if it meets and passes all four Corollaries’. Corollary one states that an action is unethical if its general adoption would undermine a practice it presupposes. So everyone is free to take this detour through a residential neighborhood. Suppose everyone decided to take this detour, it would congest this neighborhood, children that normally ride their bikes on the side of the rode or play outdoors are more apt to being either hit by a car or injured by a vehicle in some way. This may pass the corollary test but it fails the generalization test. Corollary two states one shouldn’t be a free rider on the efforts of others. This corollary really doesn’t affect this example because every driver is free to make up his or her mind whether or not to take the detour. So this would pass corollary two. Corollary three states an action is unethical if generalizing the action is inconsistent with achieving its purpose. This actions is telling me that I take the detour when is best suites me, i.e. traffic is at its heaviest and I can achieve a shorter time commute by taking the detour. This action is then generalized when everyone who takes the regular congested route takes the detour when it best suites them. Thus my action of taking the detour is generalized, it would be impossible for those who take the detour when it best suites them to achieve the purpose of the action because the new detour would become congested and we are back to where we started. This action fails corollary three and the generalization test. Last but not least Corollary four states that an action is unethical if generalizing the action is inconsistent with the possibility that everyone who performs the action achieves its purpose. If this action is true then me taking the detour is ungeneralizable because it is impossible for everyone to enjoy the same avoidance of traffic congestion by taking the same detour. After completing all four Corollary test I have come to the conclusion that my action to avoid traffic by detouring through a residential area is ungeneralizable. Although my action may have passed a corollary test or two my action ultimately did not justify the action.

How Strong Is the Louisiana Superdome Roof

In August 2005, the Louisiana Superdome became a shelter of last resort as Hurricane Katrina set sights on New Orleans. Although 30 years old and built in a floodplain, the structure stood firm and saved the lives of thousands of people. How strong is  the Louisiana Superdome? Fast Facts: New Orleans' Superdome Construction: August 1971 to August 1975Land space: 52 acres (210,000 square meters)Area of roof: 9.7 acres (440,000 square feet)Height: 273 feet (82.3 meters)Dome diameter: 680 feet (210 meters)Main arena floor: 162,434 square feetMaximum seating: 73,208UBU  synthetic turf: 60,000 square feetCost (1971–1975): $134 million; Post-Katrina renovations and enhancements: $336 millionFun Fact: Host of more Super Bowls than any other stadium Building the Superdome The Superdome, also known as Mercedes-Benz Superdome, is a public/private New Orleans, Louisiana (NOLA), project designed by New Orleans native Nathaniel Buster Curtis (1917–1997) of Curtis Davis Architects. The contractors were Huber, Hunt Nichols. A domed structure is not a new idea—the concrete dome of the Pantheon in Rome has provided shelter for the gods since the second century. The 1975 Louisiana Superdome was not even the first large-domed sports arena to be built in the U.S.; the 1965 Houston Astrodome in Texas provided nearly a decades worth of experience for the NOLA architects. The design mistakes of the Astrodome would not be repeated. The new NOLA dome would not include skylight glare to impede the vision of the players below it. The Superdome would not even try to grow grass inside. Many sports stadia have playing fields below ground level, which allows the buildings height to be modest on the outside. A good example is the 2010 Meadowlands Stadium in New Jersey, whose exterior facade disguises the lower location of the field below ground level. This type of stadium design would not work in the flood-prone Mississippi River Delta. Because of a high water table, the 1975 Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans was built on a platform atop a three-story underground parking garage. Thousands of concrete pilings hold the steel frame exterior, with an additional tension ring to hold the weight of the enormous domed roof.  The diamond-shaped steel framework of the dome was placed onto the ring support all in one piece. Architect Nathaniel Curtis explained in 2002: This ring, capable of withstanding the massive thrusts of the dome structure, is made of 1-1/2-inch-thick steel and prefabricated in 24 sections that were welded together 469 feet in the air. Because the strength of the welds is critical to the strength of the tension ring, they were performed by a specially trained and qualified welder in the semicontrolled atmosphere of a tent house which was moved around the rim of the building from one weld to another. Each individual weld was x-rayed to ensure the perfection of the vital joints. On 12 June 1973, the entire roof, weighing 5,000 tons, was jacked down onto the tension ring in one of the most delicate and critical operations of the whole construction process. The Superdome Roof The Superdome roof is nearly 10 acres in area. It has been described as the worlds largest domed structure (measuring the interior floor area). Fixed dome construction fell from popularity in the 1990s, and several other domed stadiums have closed. The 1975 Superdome has survived its engineering.  The Superdomes roof system consists of 18-gauge sheet-steel panels laid down over the structural steel, writes architect Curtis. On top of this is polyurethane foam one inch thick, and finally, a sprayed-on layer of Hypalon plastic. Hypalon  was a state-of-the-art weatherproofing rubber material by Dupont. Cranes and helicopters helped place the steel panels in place, and it took another 162 days to spray on the Hypalon coating. The Louisiana Superdome was designed to resist wind gusts up to 200 miles per hour. However, in August 2005, Hurricane Katrinas 145 mph winds blew away two metal sections of the Superdome roof while more than 10,000 people sought shelter inside. Although many hurricane victims were frightened, the architecture remained structurally sound in part because of a 75-ton media center hanging from the roofs interior. This gondola of televisions is designed to act as a counterweight, and it kept the entire roof in place during the storm. The roof did not collapse or blow away. Post-Katrina Louisiana Superdome, August 30, 2005. Dave Einsel/Getty Images (cropped) Although people got wet and the roof needed repair, the Superdome remained structurally sound. Many victims of the hurricane were transported to Reliant Park in Houston, Texas, for temporary shelter in the Astrodome. The Superdome Reborn Prepping for Repair, Louisiana Superdome Roof, October 19, 2005. Chris Graythen/Getty Images (cropped) Soon after the hurricane survivors left the shelter of the Louisiana Superdome, the roof damage was assessed and repaired. Thousands of tons of debris were removed and several upgrades were made. Ten thousand pieces of metal decking were examined or installed, coated with inches of polyurethane foam  and then several layers of urethane coating. In 13 short months, the Louisiana Superdome reopened to remain one of the most advanced sports facilities in the nation. The Superdome roof has become an icon of the city of New Orleans, and, like any structure, is the source of continual care and maintenance. Repairing the Louisiana Superdome, May 9, 2006. Mario Tama/Getty Images (cropped) Sources Karen Kingsley, Curtis and Davis Architects, knowlouisiana.org Encyclopedia of Louisiana, edited by David Johnson, Louisiana Endowment for the Humanities, March 11, 2011, http://www.knowlouisiana.org/entry/curtis-and-davis-architects. [accessed March 15, 2018]Nathaniel Curtis,  FAIA,  My Life In Modern Architecture, The University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, 2002, pp. 40, 43, http://www.curtis.uno.edu/curtis/html/frameset.html [accessed May 1, 2016]National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (OMB No. 1024-0018) prepared by Phil Boggan, State Historic Preservation Officer, December 7, 2015, https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/places/pdfs/15001004.pdfSuper Bowl Press Kit February  3, 2013, www.superdome.com/uploads/SUPERDOMEMEDIAKIT_12113_SB.pdf [accessed January 27, 2013]Mercedes-Benz Superdome Renovations, http://www.aecom.com/projects/mercedes-benz-superdome-renovations/ [accessed March 15, 2018]Kim Bistromowitz and Jon Henson, Superdome, Super Roof,Roofing C ontractor, February 9, 2015, https://www.roofingcontractor.com/articles/90791-superdome-super-roof-iconic-mercedes-benz-superdome-in-new-orleans-sports-its-brightest-look-yetAdditional photo credits: Meadowlands interior LI-Aerial/Getty Images; Meadowlands exterior Gabriel Argudo Jr, gargudojr on flickr.com, Creative Commons 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)